The Sleep Patterns of Children and Adolescents with Chronic Conditions and Their Families: An Integrative Literature Review.

Sleep is of vital necessity for health, and it has a restorative and protective function for children and adolescents with chronic conditions and their families. The purpose of this study was to identify the scientific production on sleep patterns in children and adolescents with chronic conditions and their families. This integrative review was conducted between March and June 2022 using the databases of MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The articles included were original papers published between January 2007 and mid-2022. Excluded were review studies that did not evaluate sleep and whose participants did not have chronic conditions or were not children, adolescents and/or their families. The searches returned 814 abstracts. After exclusions, 47 studies were selected to be read in full; of these, 29 were selected and were grouped empirically into four categories: major alterations in the sleep patterns of children and adolescents with chronic conditions; the relationship between sleep disorders and symptoms in children and adolescents with chronic conditions; the impaired sleep patterns of families of children and adolescents with chronic conditions; and sleep alterations and their relationship with other problems in families of children and adolescents with chronic conditions. All studies showed sleep pattern impairment in children and adolescents with chronic conditions as well as their families.

From Bariatric Surgery to Conception: The Ideal Timing to Optimize Fetal Weight.

PURPOSE: Bariatric surgery (BS) increases the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) neonates. Guidelines recommend postponing pregnancy for 12-24 months, but optimal surgery-to-conception interval (BSCI) remains uncertain. We aimed to evaluate the impact of BSCI on birth weight and SGA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of 42 pregnancies following BS, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, adjustable gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion. Neonates were classified as SGA if birth weight < 10th percentile. Optimal BSCI was obtained from the analysis of ROC curves, and pregnancies were compared by that cut-off. RESULTS: There was a linear association between BSCI and birth weight and an inverse association with SGA, with each additional month of BSCI translating into additional 4.5 g (95%CI: 2.0-7.0) on birth weight and -6% risk of SGA (95%CI: 0.90-0.99). We established a cut-off of 24.5 months of BSCI for lower risk of SGA. Pregnancies conceived in the first 24 months had a more than tenfold increased risk of SGA (OR 12.6, 95%CI: 2.4-66.0), even when adjusted for maternal age, gestational diabetes and inadequate gestational weight gain. CONCLUSION: BSCI was associated with birth weight and SGA. Our results are in line with the recommendations of BSCI of at least 24 months to reduce the risk of SGA.

Thermal energy and tableting effects in benznidazole product: the impacts of industrial processing.

OBJECTIVE: The investigation of benznidazole (BZN), excipients, and tablets aims to evaluate their thermal energy and tableting effects. They aim to understand better the molecular and pharmaceutical processing techniques of the formulation. SIGNIFICANCE: The Product Quality Review, part of Good Manufacturing Practices, is essential to highlight trends and identify product and process improvements. METHODS: A set of technique approaches, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis with isoconversional kinetic study, were applied in the protocol. RESULTS: X-ray experiments suggest talc and α-lactose monohydrate dehydration and conversion of ß-lactose to stable α-lactose upon tableting. The signal crystallization at 167 °C in the DSC curve confirmed this observation. A calorimetric study showed a decrease in the thermal stability of BZN tablets. Therefore, the temperature is a critical process parameter. The specific heat capacity (Cp) of BZN, measured by DSC, was 10.04 J/g at 25 °C and 9.06 J/g at 160 °C. Thermal decomposition required 78 kJ mol-1. Compared with the tablet (about 200 kJ mol-1), the necessary energy is two-fold lower, as observed in the kinetic study by non-isothermal TG experiment at 5; 7.5; 10; and 15 °C min-1. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate the necessity of considering the thermal energy and tableting effects of BZN manufacturing, which contributes significantly to the molecular mechanistic understanding of this drug delivery system.

Vivência de mães no cuidado alimentar do filho com gastrosquise à luz de Ramona Mercer / Experience of mothers in the feeding care for children with gastroschisis in the light of Ramona Mercer / Vivencia de madres en el cuidado de alimentación de su hijo con gastrosquisis a la luz de Ramona Mercer

Objetivo: compreender a vivência materna no cuidado alimentar do filho com gastrosquise e discutir a assistência do enfermeiro a essas mães segundo as concepções de Ramona Mercer sobre o papel maternal. Métodos: estudo qualitativo realizado em duas unidades de terapia intensiva (neonatal e cirúrgica) de uma instituição federal no Rio de Janeiro. Foram entrevistadas 11 mães de recém-nascidos com gastrosquise que se alimentavam por via oral e sonda. Os dados foram analisados e interpretados à luz de Bardin e Ramona Mercer. Resultados: as falas evidenciaram dificuldades na construção da identidade materna, visto que alimentar o filho com gastrosquise é desafiador devido à instabilidade clínica, porém, o apoio da enfermagem mostrou-se fundamental nesse processo. Conclusão: dar voz e incluir as mães no cuidado faz com que elas se sintam seguras na criação do vínculo mãe-filho e estabeleçam estratégias para o desenvolvimento do papel materno, mesmo diante dos obstáculos impostos pela malformação

Objective: to understand the maternal experience in the feeding care of the infant with gastroschisis and discuss the assistance of the nurse to these mothers according to the conceptions of Ramona Mercer about the maternal role. Methods: qualitative study carried out in two intensive care units (neonatal and surgical) of a federal institution in Rio de Janeiro. A total of 11 mothers of newborns with gastroschisis who ate via oral and via tube were interviewed. The data were analyzed and interpreted in the light of Bardin and Ramona Mercer. Results: the answers evidenced the difficulties in building the maternal identity, given that feeding a child with gastroschisis is challenging due to the clinical instability; however, the support of the nursing personnel was essential in this process. Conclusion: giving voice and including the mothers in the care make them feel more secure in building the mother-child link and establishing strategies to the development of the maternal role, even in the face of obstacles imposed by the malformation.

Objetivo: comprender la vivencia materna en el cuidado de la alimentación del hijo con gastrosquisis y discutir la asistencia de enfermería a estas madres bajo la perspectiva de Ramona Mercer sobre el papel materno. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, realizado en dos unidades de cuidados intensivos (neonatal y quirúrgica) de una institución federal en Río de Janeiro. Se entrevistaron a 11 madres de recién nacidos con gastrosquisis, que se alimentaban vía oral y por sonda. Para el análisis e interpretación de los datos se utilizó la perspectiva de Bardin y de Ramona Mercer. Resultados: los relatos apuntaron a dificultades en la construcción de la identidad materna, pues alimentar al hijo con gastrosquisis es un desafío debido a la inestabilidad clínica; sin embargo, el apoyo de la enfermería resultó ser fundamental en este proceso. Conclusión: dar voz e incluir a las madres en el cuidado las hace sentir seguras en la creación del vínculo madre-hijo y establece estrategias para el desarrollo del rol materno, incluso ante obstáculos impuestos por esta malformación

Cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente adulto com drenagem torácica: protocolo de scoping review / Nursing care to adult patient with chest drainage: scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: mapear os cuidados de enfermagem empregados aos pacientes adultos com drenagem torácica internados em terapia intensiva. MÉTODO: scoping review a ser conduzida conforme o Joanna Briggs Institute, com a seguinte questão de pesquisa: "quais são os cuidados de enfermagem indicados aos pacientes adultos com drenagem torácica internados em terapia intensiva?". A busca será desenvolvida em cinco bases de dados: Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, BVS e Web of Science, e os achados serão geridos com o auxílio do software Rayyan. Serão incluídos estudos quantitativos e qualitativos, artigos de revisão, dissertações, teses, diretrizes clínicas e protocolos terapêuticos sobre a temática, incluindo a literatura cinzenta. Será descrito o número total de fontes de evidência encontradas e selecionadas. Através de uma narrativa, será detalhado o processo de decisão da inclusão dos estudos. Os principais achados deverão estar descritos em consonância com o objetivo e os resultados relacionados à questão de pesquisa.

OBJECTIVE: to map nursing care employed to adult patients with chest drainage admitted to intensive care. METHOD: scoping review to be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute, with the following research question: "What are the nursing cares indicated to adult patients with chest drainage admitted to intensive care?". The search will be developed in five databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Embase, BVS and Web of Science, and the findings will be managed with the support of Rayyan software. Quantitative and qualitative studies, review articles, dissertations, theses, clinical guidelines and therapeutic protocols on the subject will be included, including gray literature. The total number of sources of evidence found and selected will be described. Through a narrative, the decision-making process of the inclusion of the studies will be detailed. The main findings must be described in line with the objective and the results related to the research question.

Gratitud eterna para los fundadores de la docencia médica en Cienfuegos

En el marco de los 40 años de la docencia médica en Cienfuegos, este artículo constituye un pequeño, pero sincero, homenaje para sus fundadores. El primer grupo de alumnos de 3er año de la carrera de Medicina, llegó en septiembre de 1980 al Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima, de Cienfuegos. En este trabajo se hace una relatoría de los primeros trabajadores de la Unidad Docente, que radicó donde se encuentra hoy la oficina del Consejo Científico, la distribución de los alumnos y profesores por salas, la ubicación de los primeros albergues, las primeras actividades científicas, hoy Fórum Científico Estudiantil, el Movimiento de alumnos ayudantes, actividades extracurriculares: la primera actividad por el día de la mujer, las primeras celebraciones por el día del Educador, el primer chequeo de emulación de los tres centros de educación superior de la provincia, el inicio de las manifestaciones de la cultura, entre otros aspectos, anécdotas y comentarios.

Within the framework of 40 years of medical teaching in Cienfuegos, this article constitutes a small, but sincere, tribute to its founders. The first group of 3rd year Medicine students arrived in September 1980 at the Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima Hospital in Cienfuegos. In this work, a report is made of the first workers of the Teaching Unit, which was located where the office of the Scientific Council is today, the distribution of students and teachers by rooms, the location of the first hostels, the first scientific activities, today the Student Scientific Forum, the Movement of student assistants, extracurricular activities: the first activity for Women's Day, the first celebrations for Educator's Day, the first emulation check of the three higher education centers in the province, the beginning of the manifestations of culture, among other aspects, anecdotes and comments.

Como Deve Ser um Material Educativo? Percepção dos Familiares de Crianças com Leucemia / How an Educational Material Would Be Like? Perceptions of Relatives of Children with Leukemia

Introdução: A criança com leucemia, quando no domicílio, requer cuidados especiais. Nesse contexto, os familiares deparam-se com demandas de cuidados que precisam ser aprendidas em função da condição clínica de sua criança. Este artigo é um recorte da pesquisa "As demandas de aprendizagem dos familiares de crianças com leucemia para o cuidado domiciliar". Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções de familiares de crianças com leucemia sobre a proposta de construção de materiais educativos para o cuidado domiciliar e descrever os temas que os familiares julgarem significativos na composição desses materiais. Método: Estudo participativo desenvolvido em uma enfermaria de hematologia infantil no Rio de Janeiro. A teoria utilizada para fundamentar o estudo foi a educação problematizadora de Paulo Freire. Os dados foram coletados por meio de três círculos de discussão e, posteriormente, examinados a partir da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Oito familiares de crianças com leucemia participaram do estudo. Duas categorias emergiram: "a proposta de construção de materiais educativos para o cuidado domiciliar" e "temas relevantes para compor os materiais educativos". Conclusão: Considerar a percepção dos familiares na construção de material educativo pode contribuir de maneira assertiva na escolha de conteúdos e na forma de abordá-los, e ser uma estratégia mais eficaz nesse processo contínuo da educação em saúde dos familiares das crianças com leucemias.

Introduction: The child with leukemia, when at home, requires special care. In this context, family members are faced with care-related demands that need to be learned due to their child´s clinical condition. This article is part of the research "The learning demands of family members of children with leukemia for home care". Objective: To know the perceptions of family members of children with leukemia about the proposal to build education materials for home care and describe the themes that family members considered significant in the composition of these materials. Method: Participatory study developed in a children's hematology ward in Rio de Janeiro. Paulo Freire´s problematizing education was the theory utilized to support the study. Data were collected through three discussion circles, and subsequently examined using Bardin´s content analysis. Results: Eight family members of children with leukemia participated in the study. Two categories emerged: The proposal for the construction of education materials for home care and relevant themes to compose the educational materials. Conclusion: Considering the perception of family members in the construction of educational material can make an assertive contribution in choosing content, and how to approach them, and be a more effective strategy in this continuous process of health education for relatives of children with leukemias.

Introducción: El niño con leucemia, cuando está en casa, requiere cuidados especiales. En este contexto, los familiares se enfrentan a demandas de cuidado que necesitan ser aprendidas debido a la condición clínica de su hijo. Este artículo forma parte de la investigación "Las demandas de aprendizaje de los familiares de niños con leucemia para el cuidado domiciliario". Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones de los familiares de niños con leucemia sobre la propuesta de elaboración de materiales educativos para el cuidado domiciliario y describir los temas que los familiares consideraron significativos en la composición de materiales educativos. Método: Estudio participativo desarrollado en una sala de hematología infantil de Río de Janeiro, teniendo como base la teoría de la educación problematizadora de Paulo Freire. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de tres círculos de discusión y, posteriormente, analizados mediante el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Resultados: Participaron del estudio ocho familiares de niños con leucemia. Emergieron dos categorías: La propuesta de construcción de materiales educativos para la atencíon domiciliaria y temas relevantes para componer los materiales educativos. Conclusión: Considerar la percepción de los familiares en la construcción del material educativo puede contribuir asertivamente en la elección de los contenidos, en la forma de abordarlos, y ser una estrategia más efectiva en este proceso continuo de educación en salud para los familiares de niños con leucemia.

Solid-state properties of pink clay from Jequitinhonha Valley in Brazil for pre-formulation study

Abstract Clay minerals are still widely used in pharmaceutical products for human health and cosmetic purposes. Pre-formulation studies were conducted to identify solid-state properties of pink clay, a sample from Diamantina, Brazil. Among the solid properties to be analyzed, we have selected type identification, iron phases, crystallinity, powder flow characteristics, thermal behavior, and non-isothermal phase transition kinetics. The pink clay is composed of (1:1) clay type and kaolinite as the main component. The Mössbauer spectrum of pink clay shows Fe3+(α-Fe2O3) Clay minerals are still widely used in pharmaceutical products for human health and cosmetic purposes. Pre-formulation studies were conducted to identify solid-state properties of pink clay, a sample from Diamantina, Brazil. Among the solid properties to be analyzed, we have selected type identification, iron phases, crystallinity, powder flow characteristics, thermal behavior, and non-isothermal phase transition kinetics. The pink clay is composed of (1:1) clay type and kaolinite as the main component. The Mössbauer spectrum of pink clay shows Fe3+(α-Fe2O3) hematite, Fe2+, and Fe3+ with large Δ/2ξq of about 2.80 and 2.69 mm.s-1 respectively, related to iron silicates, most likely pyroxene, and a superparamagnetic Fe3+. Pink clay exhibits poor flow properties. The thermal behavior indicates a phase-transition between 400 - 600 ºC associated with the dehydroxylation of the pink clay system requiring ~300 kJ mol-1, being constant until the process reaches a conversion of ~50% when the energy is enhanced to ~530 kJ mol-1, concluding the whole dehydroxylation process (α=80%). Solid-state properties and characteristics found for the pink clay must be considered for the proper design of formulations. This type of clay shows unique pharmaceutical properties that can be favorably exploited by the cosmetic industry

External Ventricular Drains: Development and Evaluation of a Nursing Clinical Practice Guideline.

External ventricular drains (EVDs) are common in intensive care for neurocritical patients affected by different illnesses. Nurses play an essential role to ensure safe care, and guidelines are tools to implement evidence-based care. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the quality of a clinical guideline for critically ill patients with EVDs. Methodological research was conducted. The guideline development was based on a scoping review about nursing care to patients with EVDs. The guideline evaluation occurred in two phases: evaluation of its methodological rigor, with application of the Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation II to four experts on guidelines evaluation; and the Delphi technique, with a panel of nine specialists in neurocritical care, performed in two rounds. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and content validity ratio. In the first phase of the evaluation, three domains did not reach consensus, being reformulated. The second phase was conducted in two rounds, with nine and eight participants respectively, with 13 recommendations being reformulated and reassessed between rounds, inclusion of an EVD weaning category, and two flowcharts on patient's transport and mobility. Therefore, the guideline can be incorporated into nursing care practices. Further studies are necessary to assess its impact on clinical practice.

Interdisciplinaridade no cuidado às mulheres durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal

Objetivo: descrever a experiência exitosa na perspectiva do trabalho interdisciplinar a mulheres durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, desenvolvido a partir da vivência sobre o trabalho em equipe, realizado por profissionais de saúde a mulheres durante o ciclo gravídico-puerperal, em uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família localizada em um município no interior do Rio Grande do Sul. Nesse contexto, a metodologia de trabalho iniciou em meados de 2019 e, atualmente, está consolidada dentre as estratégias de qualificação do serviço. Resultados: a integração das forças de trabalho entre as diferentes categorias profissionais possibilitou aumentar o potencial de resolutividade e a garantia de uma atenção integral às mulheres durante a gravidez e puerpério. Além disso, o cuidado em conjunto propiciou o exercício da interdisciplinaridade, a aproximação entre os membros da equipe e o desenvolvimento de novas capacidades profissionais para uma atuação colaborativa em equipe voltada à qualificação da assistência ao pré-natal e puerpério. Considerações finais: a ampliação da integração entre a equipe permitiu que diferentes olhares, ao longo do acompanhamento do período gravídico-puerperal por meio da construção e reconstrução de conhecimentos e das interações constantes entre os profissionais, contribuíssem para assegurar a qualidade da assistência. Ademais, a metodologia adotada não demandou investimentos financeiros adicionais para o sistema de saúde, visto que dependeu do protagonismo e responsabilização dos profissionais.

Práticas profissionais no primeiro encontro dos pais com recém-nascido na unidade neonatal / Professional practices in the first meeting between parents and newborn in the neonatal unit / Prácticas profesionales en el primer encuentro entre padres y recién nacido en la unidad neonatal

Objetivo: analisar as práticas profissionais no primeiro encontro dos pais com recém-nascido na unidade neonatal. Método: estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal, desenvolvido com 69 profissionais de saúde da unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal de um Hospital Universitário no Rio de Janeiro, após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados no período de março a julho de 2021, por meio de questionário online, e analisados mediante estatística descritiva simples, percentual e média. Resultados: as práticas profissionais foram adequadas quanto possibilitar aos pais: o toque materno/paterno (91,3%); o livre acesso à unidade neonatal (86,9%); e a realização de cuidados com o bebê (81,1%). Conclusão: a maioria das práticas profissionais está alinhada às recomendações do Método Canguru. Contudo, as fragilidades relativas ao acolhimento evidenciam lacunas na abordagem da temática na formação profissional e em atividades de educação continuada.

Objective: to examine the professional practices in the first meeting between parents and newborn in the neonatal unit. Method: in this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted with 69 health personnel from the neonatal intensive care unit of a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, after approval by the research ethics committee, data were collected from March to July 2021 by online survey and analyzed using simple percentage and average descriptive statistics. Results: the professional practices were appropriate in that they allowed parents: maternal/paternal touch (91.3%); free access to the neonatal unit (86.9%); and to provide care for the baby (81.1%). Conclusion: the professional practices were mostly in line with the recommendations of the Kangaroo Method. However, weaknesses in receptiveness highlighted gaps in how the subject was approached in training activities and continued professional development.

Objetivo: analizar las prácticas profesionales en el primer encuentro entre padres y recién nacido en la unidad neonatal. Método: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal, desarrollado con 69 profesionales de la salud de la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de un Hospital Universitario de Rio de Janeiro, previa aprobación del Comité de Ética en Investigación. Los datos fueron recolectados de marzo a julio de 2021, a través de una encuesta en línea, y analizados mediante estadística descriptiva simple, porcentaje y promedio. Resultados: las prácticas profesionales fueron adecuadas en cuanto a posibilitar a los padres: el toque materno/paterno (91,3%); el libre acceso a la unidad neonatal (86,9%); y la prestación de cuidados al bebé (81,1%). Conclusión: la mayoría de las prácticas profesionales está acorde con las recomendaciones del Método Canguro. Sin embargo, las debilidades relacionadas con la acogida evidencian lagunas acerca del enfoque del tema en la formación profesional y en actividades de educación continua.

Physiological evaluation of premature infants in traditional and humanized weighing: a quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the physiological signs presented by premature infants in traditional and humanized weighing. METHOD: A quasi-experimental crossover study, with a sample of 30 premature infants randomly assigned and allocated to the control group (traditional) and the intervention group (humanized), from March 2019 to March 2020, with the collection of general data, vital signs before and after the procedures. Statistical analyses included description of relative and absolute frequencies, measure of central tendency and dispersion. RESULTS: Premature infants showed less increase in heart rate (53.3%) and respiratory rate (43%) in the verification of humanized weighing than in the traditional way, with 83.3% of neonates and 80%, respectively. CONCLUSION: It was observed that the humanized form provided less physiological instability, especially in heart and respiratory rates, making it necessary to encourage discussions about the humanization of care and perform this practice routinely in health units.

Neurobehavioral signals in preterm infants in body weight check: a quasi-experimental study.

OBJECTIVE: to describe and compare the frequency of neurobehavioral signs in preterm infants in traditional and humanized body weight check. METHODS: a quantitative, quasi-experimental, cross-over study, carried out in a Neonatal Unit at a university hospital with a sample of 30 preterm newborns, randomly assigned and allocated in control group (traditional) and intervention group (humanized), with collection of general data, vital signs before and after procedures and footage. RESULTS: there was a higher frequency of approach signs in humanized weight check compared to traditional check. Moreover, withdrawal signs were more frequent in traditional weight check compared to humanized check. CONCLUSION: in this regard, humanized body weight check provided greater benefits to preterm infants, making it necessary to foster discussions about humanization of care, so that this practice can be performed routinely in health units.

Perioperative nursing education in Brazil: reviewing the past to survive the future.

OBJECTIVES: to summarize historical aspects related to perioperative nursing education in Brazil and to outline future perspectives. METHODS: a descriptive-reflexive essay about the historical process of Brazilian perioperative teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels. RESULTS: the reflection addresses the historical axes of perioperative nursing, teaching perioperative nursing, curriculum changes, graduate studies and relationship with the perioperative period and trends in perioperative nursing education. Curriculum changes reduced time available for teaching and learning, with a focus on the perioperative period, and diluted contents of surgical nursing in other subjects, which could cause irreversible losses for generalist nurses' training. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: when reviewing historical aspects of national nursing curricula, it was found that the nomenclature perioperative nursing was never used in the curriculum, however, the surgical area has always been contemplated in undergraduate and graduate studies. Future trends indicate the need to integrate themes and prepare professionals with perspectives focused on global health and technology.

Assessment of WO3 electrode modified with intact chloroplasts as a novel biohybrid platform for photocurrent improvement.

The present work describes an easy way to prepare a Chloroplast/PDA@WO3 biohybrid platform based on the deposition of chloroplasts on WO3 substrate previously modified with polydopamine (PDA) film as anchoring agent. The use of PDA as an immobilization matrix for chloroplasts, and also as an electron mediator under LED irradiation, resulted in enhanced photocurrents. The use of the chloroplasts amplified the photocurrent, when compared to the bare substrate (WO3). The best electrode performance was obtained using high intensity LED irradiation at 395 nm, for the electrode exposed for 10 min to 150 µg mL-1 of intact chloroplasts. Amperometric curves obtained by on/off cycles using an applied potential of +0.50 V, in PBS electrolyte (pH 7.0), showed that the presence of 0.2 × 10-3 mol L-1 of simazine caused an approximately 50% decrease of the photobiocurrent. Preliminary studies indicated that the synthesized platform based on intact chloroplasts is a good strategy for studying the behavior of photosynthetic entities, using an LED light-responsive WO3 semiconductor substrate. This work contributes to the understanding of photobiocatalysts that emerge as a new class of materials with sophisticated and intricate structures. These are promising materials with remarkably improved quantum efficiency with potential applications in photobioelectrocatalysis.

Transcription Factor 4 loss-of-function is associated with deficits in progenitor proliferation and cortical neuron content.

Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) has been associated with autism, schizophrenia, and other neuropsychiatric disorders. However, how pathological TCF4 mutations affect the human neural tissue is poorly understood. Here, we derive neural progenitor cells, neurons, and brain organoids from skin fibroblasts obtained from children with Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome carrying clinically relevant mutations in TCF4. We show that neural progenitors bearing these mutations have reduced proliferation and impaired capacity to differentiate into neurons. We identify a mechanism through which TCF4 loss-of-function leads to decreased Wnt signaling and then to diminished expression of SOX genes, culminating in reduced progenitor proliferation in vitro. Moreover, we show reduced cortical neuron content and impaired electrical activity in the patient-derived organoids, phenotypes that were rescued after correction of TCF4 expression or by pharmacological modulation of Wnt signaling. This work delineates pathological mechanisms in neural cells harboring TCF4 mutations and provides a potential target for therapeutic strategies for genetic disorders associated with this gene.

Aftershocks of the Samarco disaster: diminished growth and increased metal content of Raphanus sativuscultivated in soil with mining tailings

The collapse of the Fundão tailings dam of the Samarco mining complex in Mariana, Brazil, was the largest mining disaster in the world to date with many socio-economic and environmental impacts. Soil affected by mining tailings was severely altered with negative impacts for agriculture. We tested whether diluting mining tailings with organic soil would eliminate or at least attenuate the ecotoxic effects on plant development and performance. We cultivated radish, Raphanus sativus,in substrates containing different proportions of mining tailings and organic soil: pure tailings (T100%); 2) tailings75%+ soil25%(T75%); 3) tailings50%+ soil50%(T50%); 4) tailings25%+ soil75%(T25%), and 5) pure organic soil (Soil100%, control). There were large differences in soil quality parameters between the 100% tailings treatment (T100%) and the control (Soil100%), as well as for some parameters in the most diluted treatment -T25%(Ca2+, Fe, Mn) in relation to the controltreatment. Although dilution of the tailings soil improved radish development, there was lower radish productivity (leaf area, total biomass, and root/tuber biomass) than for pure soil (control). There were also significantly higher amounts of bioaccumulated metals in radish tubers grown with tailings, even when grown in T25%for Fe content and in T75%for Mn content. These results present a worrisome scenario for human communities in the region of the Doce river, as human consumption of crops produced in soil contaminated with tailingsis not recommended due to potential toxicological effects from high metal concentrations.(AU)

Segurança perioperatória do paciente: metodologias ativas como estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem-avaliação / Perioperative patient safety: active methodologies as teaching-learning-assessment strategies / Seguridad del paciente perioperatorio: metodologías activas como estrategias de enseñanza-aprendizaje-evaluación

Objetivo: Desenvolver recursos educacionais sobre segurança perioperatória do paciente e intervenções educativas na graduação de enfermagem. Método: Estudo metodológico direcionado para a elaboração de recursos educacionais sobre segurança do paciente no perioperatório, segundo o modelo de designinstrucional, com 22 graduandos de enfermagem de uma universidade federal de Porto Alegre, em 2019. Resultados: Desenvolvidos recursos e intervenções basea-dos nas metas de segurança perioperatória do paciente, por meio de jogo, simulação e exame clínico objetivo estruturado. Quatro cenários de simulação, validados por professoras, a partir da Escala do Design da Simulação, foram criados sobre prevenção de infecção relacionada à assistência de saúde, segurança na prescrição, uso e administração de medicamentos e comunicação efetiva na transição do cuidado. Conclusão: O design instrucional guiou o desenvolvimento de recursos educacionais sobre segurança perioperatória do paciente, viabilizando intervenções com metodologias ativas. Os recursos desenvolvidos permitiram o envolvi-mento dos alunos em diferentes perspectivas, fazendo-os refletir sobre sua prática e reformulá-la, consolidando a aprendizagem acerca da segurança do paciente.

Objective: To develop educational resources on perioperative patient safety and educational interventions for undergraduate nursing students. Method: Methodological study aimed at the development of educational resources on patient safety in the perioperative period, according to an instruc-tional design model, with 22 nursing students at a federal university in Porto Alegre, in 2019. Results: Resources and interventions were developed on the basis of the goals for perioperative patient safety through games, simulation and structured objective clinical examination. Four simulation scenarios, validated by teachers, based on the Simulation Design Scale, were created on prevention of health care-related infection, safety in prescribing, use and administration of medications, and effective communication in the transition of care. Conclusion: Instructional design guided the development of edu-cational resources on perioperative patient safety, enabling interventions with active methodologies. The resources developed allowed the involvement of students in different perspectives, making them reflect on their practice and reformulate it, consolidating learning about patient safety.

Objetivo: desarrollar recursos educativos sobre seguridad del paciente perioperatorio e intervenciones educativas en el pregrado de enfermería. Método: estu-dio metodológico dirigido a la elaboración de recursos educativos sobre seguridad del paciente en el perioperatorio, según modelo de diseño instruccional, con 22 estu-diantes de graduación en Enfermería de una universidad federal de Porto Alegre, en 2019. Resultados: se desarrollaron recursos e intervenciones a partir de objetivos de seguridad del paciente perioperatorio, mediante juego, simulación y examen clínico objetivo estructurado. Se crearon cuatro escenarios de simulación, validados por docentes, basados en la Escala de Diseño de Simulación, sobre prevención de infecciones relacionadas con el cuidado de la salud, seguridad de la prescripción, uso y administración de medicamentos y comunicación efectiva en la transición del cuidado. Conclusión: el diseño instruccional orientó el desarrollo de recursos edu-cativos sobre seguridad del paciente perioperatorio, posibilitando la realización de intervenciones con metodologías activas. Los recursos desarrollados permitieron involucrar a los estudiantes en diferentes perspectivas, haciéndolos reflexionar y reformular su práctica, consolidando el aprendizaje sobre la seguridad del paciente.

Modelo técnico-assistencial de cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente de transplante renal / Model of nursing technical care for kidney transplant patients

Objetivo: elaborar um modelo técnico-assistencial de enfermagem para pacientes de transplante renal. Método: desenvolvimento de modelo técnico-assistencial fundamentado nas teorias de Orem e Watson baseado na pesquisa convergente assistencial. O cenário foi um Centro Transplantador da região sul do Brasil. Coleta de dados - diagnóstico das atividades realizadas no serviço de transplante renal; entrevista semiestruturada com pacientes; e três grupos focais com enfermeiros. Participaram nove pacientes de transplante renal e dez enfermeiros que atuam nas fases do perioperatório. Utilizou-se análise de conteúdo. Resultados: categorias emergidas dos pacientes - expectativas do transplante renal; informação sobre o tratamento após transplante; mudança no estilo de vida após o adoecimento; importância do autocuidado; sentimentos envolvidos no transplante renal e melhorias do centro transplantador. Conclusão: o modelo desenvolvido foi fundamentado nas teorias de Watson e Orem contemplando integralidade, promoção do autocuidado e atuação do enfermeiro, bem como necessidades apontadas pelos pacientes.

Objective: to develop a model of nursing technical care for kidney transplant patients. Method: development of a technical care model based on the theories of Orem and Watson based on convergent care research. The setting was a Transplant Center in southern Brazil. Data collection - diagnosis of activities performed in the kidney transplant service; semi-structured interview with patients; and three focus groups with nurses. Nine kidney transplant patients and ten nurses who work in the perioperative period participated. Content analysis was performed. Results: categories emerged from patients - expectations of kidney transplantation; information about treatment after transplantation; lifestyle changes after illness; importance of self-care; feelings involved in kidney transplantation; and transplant center improvements. Conclusion: the developed model was based on Watson and Orem's theories and contemplated comprehensiveness, promotion of self-care and the role of nurses, as well as needs identified by patients.

Percepção de enfermeiros na evolução intraoperatória: um estudo qualitativo / Nurses' perception of intraoperative evolution: a qualitative study / Percepción de enfermeros sobre la evolución intraoperatoria: un estudio cualitativo

Objetivo: Conhecer a percepção dos enfermeiros de centro cirúrgico sobre a evolução de enfermagem do período intraoperatório. Método: Estudo exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio de entrevistas online com enfermeiros que trabalham em centro cirúrgico, entre junho e julho de 2021. Amostra intencional, não probabilística, constituída de 12 enfermeiras. Dados avaliados pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin e pelo software MAXQDA 2020®. Resultados: Identificaram-se as palavras da classe de substantivos de maior frequência no corpus das entrevistas: paciente, sala, tempo, cirurgia e cirurgias. Emergiram três categorias temáticas: sobrecarga de trabalho e disponibilidade de tempo dos enfermeiros de centro cirúrgico; atuação assistencial do enfermeiro no intraoperatório; efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19. Conclusão: As enfermeiras percebem a realização da evolução de enfermagem intraoperatória como uma ferramenta que aproxima o enfermeiro da atuação assistencial e qualifica a prática perioperatória. Contudo as fragilidades organizacionais impactam a dedicação desses profissionais no cuidado direto ao paciente.

Objective: To know the perception of surgical center nurses about the evolution of nursing in the intraoperative period. Method: Exploratory study with a qualitative approach, carried out through online interviews with nurses working in a surgical center, between June and July 2021. Intentional, non-probabilistic sample consisting of 12 nurses. Data evaluated by Bardin's content analysis and MAXQDA 2020® software. Results: The most frequent nouns were identified in the corpus of the interviews: patient, room, time, surgery, and surgeries. Three thematic categories emerged: work overload and time availability of surgical center nurses; nurses' assistance in the intraoperative period; effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Nurses perceive the development of intraoperative nursing as a tool that brings nurses closer to care work and qualifies perioperative practice. However, organizational weaknesses impact the dedication of these professionals in direct patient care.

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción de los enfermeros de quirófano sobre la evolución de la enfermería en el intraoperatorio. Método: Estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo, realizado a través de entrevistas online con enfermeras que trabajan en un centro quirúrgico, entre junio/julio de 2021. Muestra intencional, no probabilística compuesta por 12 enfermeras. Datos evaluados a partir del análisis de contenido de Bardin y el software MAXQDA 2020®. Resultados: Se identificaron las palabras de la clase de sustantivos más frecuentes en el corpus de las entrevistas: paciente, habitación, tiempo, cirugía y cirugías. Emergieron tres categorías temáticas: sobrecarga de trabajo y disponibilidad de tiempo de los enfermeros de CQ; asistencia de enfermeras en el período intraoperatorio; y efectos de la pandemia de COVID-19. Conclusión: Las enfermeras perciben el desarrollo de la enfermería intraoperatoria como una herramienta que acerca al enfermero al trabajo de cuidado y cualifica la práctica perioperatoria. Sin embargo, las debilidades organizativas impactan en la dedicación de estos profesionales en la atención directa al paciente.